問題詳情：
Stuttering(口吃) is a communication disorder(疾病) generally characterized by unconscious repetitions or pauses in the flow of speech. These repetitions and pauses can bake many forms, such as repetitions of parts of words (“li-li-like this”). Sometimes, there are moments when a sound or a period of silence is lengthened (“llllike this” or “l-ike this”).
Stuttering can be classified into a number or communication disorders: neurogenic(神經*的) stuttering and psychogenic stuttering are associated with sudden onset (發作) and, as their names imply, with a specific known cause—either a problem in the makeup of the brain or a great psychological challenge. These disorders are comparatively rare and differ in terms of causes, symptoms and treatment from developmental stuttering. Developmental stuttering typically starts between the ages of two and a half and four. The onset of the disorder, which can be gradual or relatively sudden, generally occurs during the period of rapid development in a child’s language skills, motor skills, character, and social interaction.
The cause of developmental stuttering are not well understood and various theories have been offered throughout the history of speech-language pathology (the study of the causes and effects of illnesses). The roots of stuttering have been believed to relate to a number of causes: emotional problems, neurological problems, improper reactions from caregivers and family members, language planning, and speech motor difficulties among others. These theories have shown the promise of explaining some characteristics of stuttering but no single theory has thoroughly described the experiences of people who stutter.
Young children who have stuttered for only a short time have a high rate of natural recovery, though it is impossible to determine which children are most likely to recover and which are likely to continue stuttering. Most experts recommend early evaluation and treatment aimed at preventing the development of a chronic(慢*的) communication disorder.
Speech-language pathologists disagree about which approach is best for older children and adults. Treatment options include training to change speech patterns, turning to doctors to minimize negative reactions, drugs, and electronic tools that improve fluency. Self-help and support groups also play an important role in recovery for many people who stutter. Many people who have taken stuttering treatment programs are able to make positive changes in their speech skills and communication abilities so they can communicate freely.
29. If a small child begins to stutter, his or her parents should ________.
A. give their family more time B. consult a doctor immediately
C. wait for the child to recover naturally D. encourage the child to speak fluently
30. What can we say about the approaches to treatment of stuttering?
A. They prove to be useless for children.
B. They are at the experimental stage.
C. They produce positive effects.
D. They work against each other.
31. The main purpose of the text is to ________.
A. describe recent research on stuttering
B. show us the classification of stuttering
C. explain the different forms of stuttering
D. offer some basic knowledge of stuttering
【回答】
BCD
知識點：閲讀理解
題型：閲讀理解
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