(2020·甘肅省會寧一中高三第一次月考)Petrolanddiesel(柴油)carsmaystilldom...

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(2020·甘肅省會寧一中高三第一次月考)Petrol and diesel (柴油) cars may still dominate our roads, but their days are numbered. A recent university study found that current electric cars could be used for 87 per cent of daily car journeys in the US. That figure could rise to 98 per cent by 2020.

One hurdle to the widespread adoption of electric cars has been “range anxiety”—drivers' concerns about running out of juice on a journey. While petrol stations are conveniently located across national road systems, the necessary network of electric charging stations is still being developed. That said, charging points are becoming increasingly common throughout the USA.

Attitudes towards electric vehicles have changed quite considerably over the last few years. Not that long ago, electric cars were met with distrust, and their large price tags (標籤) drove customers away. Thanks to improvements in battery capacity, recharging times, performance and price, the current generation of electric cars is starting to persuade critics. Plug­in cars will soon give internal combustion (燃料) engine models a run for their money.

As well as advancements on the road, electric vehicles are taking to the seas and skies. Electric boats are among the oldest methods of electric travel, having enjoyed several decades of popularity from the late 19th to the early 20th century before petrol­powered outboard motors took over. Now, the global drive for renewable energy sources is bringing electric boats back. Steps towards electric air travel are also being made, with Airbus and NASA among the organizations developing and testing battery powered planes. The experiments could soon make commercial electric flight a reality.

Electric vehicles do not produce any emissions. Were the US to act on the study's findings and replace 87 per cent of its cars with electric vehicles, it would reduce the national demand for petrol by 61 per cent. However, because of the production processes and the generation of electricity required to charge these vehicles, they cannot claim to be completely emission­free. Even so, as many countries continue to increase their use of renewable energy sources, electric vehicles will become even cleaner.

篇章導讀：本文是一篇説明文。文章介紹了汽油和柴油汽車很快會被電動車輛所替代以及電動交通工具在未來的發展。

9．Which is the best title for this passage?

A．My Dream Car                       

B．History of Electric Cars

C．Problems with Petrol Cars          

D．Driving into the Future

10．As used in Paragraph 2, the underlined word “hurdle” means “________”．

A．aim                                 B．barrier

C．consequence                         D．step

11．In the past, why did many people refuse to buy the electric cars?

A．They were expensive.

B．They were very poorly made.

C．They were not widely promoted.

D．They couldn't travel at a high speed.

12．What is the function of Paragraph 4?

A．To introduce the history of electric travel.

B．To explain why the world needs more electric cars.

C．To show why more people have interest in electric cars.

D．To describe different ways electric vehicles can be used.

【回答】

9.D　標題判斷題。通讀全文可知，汽油和柴油汽車可能仍然主宰着我們的道路，但很快會被電動車輛所替代。文章同時介紹了電動交通工具在未來的發展。所以這篇文章最好的標題是“駛向未來”。故選D項。

10.B　詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞所在句“One hurdle to the widespread adoption of electric cars has been ‘range anxiety’—drivers' concerns about running out of juice on a journey.” 可知，電動汽車被廣泛採用的一個障礙是“里程焦慮”——司機擔心在旅途中車會沒電。所以根據上下文語境可以判斷出“hurdle”是指barrier “障礙”。故選B項。

11.A　細節理解題。根據第三段第二句“Not that long ago, electric cars were met with distrust, and their large price tags drove customers away.” 可知，不久前，電動汽車遭到了不信任，鉅額標價把顧客嚇跑了，也就是説人們認為電動車太貴了不值得買。故選A項。

12.D　推理判斷題。根據第四段第一句“As well as advancements on the road, electric vehicles are taking to the seas and skies.” 可知，除了公路上(汽車)的進步，電動交通工具正朝着海洋和天空方向發展。第四段的作用是描述電動汽車的不同用途。故選D項。

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