PublicSpeakingPublicspeakingcanbedefinedastheactofmakin...

問題詳情：

Public Speaking

Public speaking can be defined as the act of making a speech in front of a group of listeners.

The types of public speaking are deliberately structured with three general purposes: to inform, to persuade and to entertain the audience. An informative speech has a purpose to inform, or give knowledge to its audience.   __1__  For persuasive speech, the speaker would try to change the mindset, perception, or behavior of the audience for their own good. Thus, the speaker needs to look for common ground with the audience and try to relate to what they might agree on. The last type is a ceremonial speech. It tends to be less formal and more personal than the other types of speeches. No matter how well you know the person you are giving speech to, try not to say bad things about them, even if it is meant to be a joke.

__2__ Sparing some time to practice will help build confidence and help determine how long the presentation will last. Aside from it, knowing who the audience will be is quite necessary. Try to get as much information as possible regarding this particular area related to the audience. Knowing the “battlefield” in advance will give the speakers a huge advantage.

Language is the main aspect a speaker needs to pay attention to while giving a speech. __3__  A speaker needs to choose their words carefully and make it clear to the audience what they mean. Often, when given a speech, the audience look to the speaker to give them something new and useful. __4__ Language and delivery (演講方式) alone will not be sufficient if  the speaker does not have the body language. The movement and gesture of a speaker also affect the audience. While closing the speech or presentation, speakers can restate their main points, just to remind the audience of the important things that have been said.  __5__

A．It needs to be used clearly.

B．These speeches mark special occasions.

C．The important thing to watch about is not to put in too much information.

D．The key of perfecting anything is through practice, including public speaking.

E．They can also end it with a special message and encourage the audience to ask questions.

F．Knowing how public speaking is done is a key part in understanding the importance of it.

G．Thus, the speaker needs to know how to deliver their speech to fulfill the audience's expectation.

【回答】

篇章導讀：本文是一篇説明文。文章介紹了公共演講的幾個類型以及做好演講所需注意的事項。

1．C　從結構上看，第二段首先介紹了公共演講的三種目的；接下來對這三種目的分別介紹了其對應的演講類型以及注意事項，設空處位於介紹informative speech這種類型之後，應是説明它的注意事項，故C項表述“不要輸入太多的信息”符合語境。其中information是關鍵提示詞。

2．D　本段講述了公共演講的兩個注意事項。下文“Aside from it ... is quite necessary.”講的是第二個注意事項：要提前瞭解觀眾是誰。接着進一步闡述了注意事項。設空後講的是多加練習對於演講的好處，由此可推知，設空處應是第一個注意事項，並且與設空後一句中的“practice”相呼應，故選D。

3．A　設空前一句是説語言是演講中需注意的主要方面。設空處應是對其進行進一步的説明，關鍵詞是Language，A項中的It可推知指的就是Language，且根據設空後的“make it clear to the audience”可知，A項“它(語言)需要使用得很清楚”符合語境。

4．G　設空前講的是觀眾期待演講者能給他們新的有用的東西，故G項“因此，演講者需要了解如何發表他們的演講來滿足觀眾的期待”與設空前一句構成邏輯上的因果關係，所以*是G。

5．E　設空前講的是演講者可以重申要點，提醒觀眾所講的重要事情來結束演講，設空處應是敍述另一種結束方式，故E項符合語境。

知識點：七選五題型

題型：閲讀理解