“expectation value”簡單造句，expectation value造句子

In the quantum statistical theory, the density operator is introduced in the statistical system. The expectation value of an obeservable can be obtained by the use of the density operator.

Utilizing the general linear quantum transformation theory, we give the exact expressions of evolutionary operator's matrix elements, wave function, expectation value of an observable and partition function, for multi-dimensional coupled and forced quantum oscillator.

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The term expectation value is often used instead of average value.