This week's equity rout suggests that policymakers still struggle to meet those expectations.
Whichever way state collapse is assessed, it will always be an imperfect measure of priorities for policymakers.
But as Western policymakers would now wearily agree, less debt means less systemic risk for the banks if and when the property cycle turns.
Experience also suggests that first estimates of GDP growth are almost always revised upwards. This is why policymakers now pay close attention to surveys of business and consumer confidence.
First, that policymakers, led by the Fed, would avert recession in the United States.
Add all this together and the ease with which American policymakers dismiss Japan's experience is probably misplaced.
But the repercussions of its currency troubles will reverberate in other countries in eastern Europe, and should act as a wake-up call for Europe's policymakers.
The world’s policymakers, most of whom live in the northern hemisphere, should not be fooled into thinking the new virus is going away for long, even if it declines over the next few months.
As a result, policymakers persistently underestimated the severity of the crisis.
Its approach was summed up in the pithy four-character phrases into which Chinese policymakers love to distil their thinking.
As share prices roar ahead, the question is: are policymakers trying to solve the problems caused by one of the biggest bubbles in history by pumping up another speculative frenzy?
Rural poverty and chronically distressed regions continue to present policymakers with unsolved problems.
Inflation seems set to follow oil and food costs down, but some policymakers fret that it may not fall quickly to a tolerable level.
The dollar's frailty is making policymakers outside America increasingly nervous.
Our intention is to inform policymakers, researchers and international donors about ways of improving cyclone management and open the debate on the issues at hand.
The tendency among Washington policymakers is to lump Afghanistan and Pakistan together as Afpak, a designation Pakistanis find demeaning.
Its policymakers and economists are, of course, united in their distaste for America’s tariff talk.
But a year ago America's top economic policymakers faced a momentous decision: whether or not to let Lehman Brothers fail (see article).
In Asia policymakers are trying to prick a bubble.
They have struggled to gain control not just because of the speed of contagion but also because policymakers, and the public they serve, have failed fully to grasp the breadth and depth of the crisis.
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