Bumiputra perks yield a stream of uncontested, negotiated contracts and other forms of patronage to UMNO politicians.
This gives the incumbent party a huge advantage, but it also ensures that the LDP remains a party of patronage more than of policy.
Saddam did not have the army, but he did have a series of concentric circles of supporters loyal to him because of the patronage he extended them (special-forces units and tribes).
We respectfully solicit your continuous patronage.
If, as the protesters demand, this patronage system were ended, Mr Assad's hand would be severely weakened.
The growth of microfinance has reduced local politicians' ability to use rural credit as a tool of patronage. That puts MFIs in the firing line.
But each gang has the patronage of a mainstream political party, in a fight that exploded in 2008 when an election was held to end Pakistan's latest period of military rule.
A string of military rulers saw oil revenue as a source of patronage and a reward for winning office.
Another, more surprising, is the spread of liberal economic views in a society hitherto used to doing business through cartels and political patronage.
The regimes, the authors point out, can offer their supporters the patronage of the state.
The Kurds need America's patronage more than ever now that its troops are leaving and the Kurds' opponents in Baghdad have a freer rein.
How are Botticelli's later pious paintings, bereft of Medici patronage, to be read?
The store arranged to give a free silk kimono to every female customer of a local BMW dealership who brought in a letter sent by the dealership offering the gown as a gift for their past patronage.
He has long bestowed honours in exchange for donations to his good causes. The causes may benefit his beloved rural poor, but the patronage system perpetuates royal influence.
Solicit sponsorship(or patronage)
Whether the patronage mentality derives from the monarchy or not is something Thais surely have a right to discuss.
Pakistan's patronage pyramids — run by powerful family dynasties — are today inseparable from the civilian political parties they control.
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