Jinan is a single core city with highly concentrated economy, with powerful core region economy, and relatively weaker hinterland economy. It is an obvious dualistic structure.
From the combination and diffusion effect among 13 cities (counties), the spatial structure extends and stretches in four directions around the core city of Changsha.
Metropolitan coordinating region (MCR) is an important form of regional spatial structure, where intensive relation between core city and other cities inside shape a circle-like structure.