At the same time, Mr. Castro imposed social reforms that produced high literacy rates and low mortality rates, rivaling those in many developed nations.
Although the literacy rate is high in China (significantly higher than in India), many children still do not attend school because their parents force them to work.
What if you want to see only the illiteracy rate in Europe?
Takao Suzuki, general director of the National Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology in Nagoya, believes that Japan's almost perfect literacy rate is also a factor.
Education improved (though the Dutch still had a higher literacy rate in 1800). So did diet, permitting people to work longer and harder.
India's literacy rate is rising, thanks in part to a surge in cheap private schools for the poor, but it is still far behind China's.
With its literacy rate of less than 20%, Pakistan is the third most illiterate country in the world.
Despite this, in many developing countries, the literacy rate for women is abysmal.
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