Often, "they're not as bureaucratic as the federal government, turnaround is usually faster, and the success rate is often higher than at federal agencies, " she says.
Washington's market for office space may cool as the federal government pares back its demand for space, and local retailers are grumpy about lost cost-of-living adjustments for federal workers.
Even Alberta has a limited programme to trade emissions permits within the province. Ontario is leaning towards a cap-and-trade system, as is the federal government.
By increasing its share of joint spending schemes, such as Medicaid, the federal government can counter that decline. But the scale of stimulus that is required calls for more.
Under the Clean Air Act, a 1970s law designed to fight smog, California is the only state that can set stricter rules about vehicle pollution than the federal government;
The federal government has raised the tax rate of strong liquor.
The states delegated the control of foreign affairs to the federal government.
One reason for this divergence between the state and federal approaches may be the fact that the scope of administrative regulation has increased much more rapidly in the federal government than in the states in recent decades.
From 1990 to 2009, the federal government spent $1.44 trillion in Virginia but collected less than $850 billion in taxes, a gap of over $590 billion.
Sharron Angle, a Republican candidate in that election, once said that the federal government needed "second-amendment remedies" -the second being the one about the right to bear arms.
The federal government has addressed environmental or land resource issues largely through its regulatory power.
It's talked about that there should be a federal government regulation of insurance but it's actually state regulators.
The U.S. Senate is set to vote Monday on a short-term funding measure to keep the federal government running past midnight Friday, when current funding runs out.
"depository bank: A bank that is designated and authorized to accept deposits of funds belonging to the federal government or other government bodies, or funds from other banks which the latter are required by law to maintain as reserve against deposits."
In 1974, American Motors was designated a small business by the federal government.
Many also claim that the federal government could avoid default by prioritising the way it pays its bills: interest on the debt first, other things later.
Under the Bush administration, the federal government has aggressively used a well-established tool of public relations: the prepackaged, ready-to-serve news report that major corporations have long distributed to TV stations to pitch everything from headache remedies to auto insurance.
Apart from debt service, the federal government spends its money mainly on three things: pensions, transfers to lower levels of government and its own bureaucracy.
Garrison concludes, "a lot of cities in America did not enjoy the positive impact of the economic recovery." Washington D.C., on the other hand, has always been sheltered by the federal government.
The federal government would set clear objectives, such as reducing carbon emissions from transport, and track states' progress towards meeting them.
Unlike the federal government, several states also allow for citizen initiatives.
He believed in pluralistic government, and in particular that power should be devolved from the federal government to the states.
Nebraska's Senator Ben Nelson refused to join the caucus unless the federal government paid for his state's extra costs for Medicaid, a government health scheme for the indigent.
The idea behind these steps is that the federal government can be flexible in how fast it dials back support, to see how well the private sector fills the vacuum.
In general, the role of the federal government was influenced by the concept of "laissez-faire," a doctrine opposing government interference in the economy except that necessary for the maintenance of law and order.
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