But after lobbying by News International and the Daily Mail ministers agreed not to bring it into force.
What happened next emboldened opponents of regulation for decades: an industry lobbying campaign was so effective that Congress pointedly (though briefly) would not reauthorize the agency's budget.
Such lobbying runs against the feelings of many in the Chinese film business, who would rather the government eased its strict censorship regime while offering favourable tax breaks for investors.
Such forecasts might just be lobbying tactics.
But after lobbying by the dairy industry and public-health pressure groups, he changed his mind.
The bankers who have spent the past year lobbying against reform can go on their holidays with the satisfaction of a job well done.
Therefore, instead of focusing on making money by innovating around fuel efficiency, productivity and design, G.M. threw way too much energy into lobbying and maneuvering to protect its gas guzzlers.
Industry groups have also expanded their lobbying efforts.
A decision is expected in 2012; expect plenty of discreet behind-the-scenes lobbying in the intervening months.
Ethnic-minority privileges are a ratchet as well as a racket: given enough lobbying, they are introduced, but are then hard to removed, even if the original grievance has long since been ameliorated.
The rebels are lobbying Tunisia’s government to close its border and cut off another conduit.
The tradition continues today thanks to the joint lobbying efforts of the powerful diamond, florist, greeting card, and adorable stuffed bear coalition.
The Banking Committee testimony is part of a broader lobbying campaign that includes parts suppliers and dealers.
They are lobbying for their own proposals.
Several efforts to make it easier for shareholders to nominate directors have been frustrated by lobbying from corporate turkeys keen to postpone Christmas for as long as they can.
Furious lobbying seems to have watered down that proposal.
But a new report from the Institute for Justice, a libertarian group, reveals that 36 states also impose restrictions on "grassroots lobbying", meaning people like Mrs Murakami.
He thinks both were the consequence of politicians' willingness to deregulate the financial sector, which partly reflected the industry's lobbying prowess.
國文精選館
