Because of their intimate relationship with many factors in the environment, goshawks are becoming known as an" indicator species(指示種)," much like the spotted owl.
採用雙向指示種法(WINSPAN)典範對應分析(CA)法對蕨類植物分佈特點及其與環境因子關係進行了分析。
因為蒼鷹在許多方面與環境關係密切,像斑梟一樣被當作指示種。
眾生的慾念,是多是少,佛也知道,所以佛為一切眾生指示種種的妙道。