(2019·*蘇高考)Whocaresifpeoplethinkwronglythattheinterneth...

問題詳情：

(2019·*蘇高考)Who cares if people think wrongly that the internet has had more important influences than the washing machine? Why does it matter that people are more impressed by the most recent changes?

It would not matter if these misjudgments were just a matter of people's opinions. However, they have real impacts, as they result in misguided use of scarce resources.

The fascination with the ICT (Information and Communication Technology) revolution, represented by the internet, has made some rich countries wrongly conclude that making things is so “yesterday” that they should try to live on ideas. This belief in“post­industrial society” has led those countries to neglect their manufacturing sector (製造業),  with negative consequences for their economies.

Even more worryingly, the fascination with the internet by people in rich countries has moved the international community to worry about the “digital divide” between the rich countries and the poor countries. This has led companies and individuals to donate money to developing countries to buy computer equipment and internet facilities. The question, however, is whether this is what the developing countries need the most. Perhaps giving money for those less fashionable things such as digging wells, extending electricity networks and making more affordable washing machines would have improved people's lives more than giving every child a laptop computer or setting up internet centres in rural villages. I am not saying that those things are necessarily more important, but many donators have rushed into fancy programmes without carefully assessing the relative long­term costs and benefits of alternative uses of their money.

In yet another example, a fascination with the new has led people to believe that the recent changes in the technologies of communications and transportation are so revolutionary that now we live in a “borderless world”. As a result, in the last twenty years or so, many people have come to believe that whatever change is happening today is the result of great technological progress, going against which will be like trying to turn the clock back. Believing in such a world, many governments have put an end to some of the very necessary regulations on cross­border flows of capital, labour and goods, with poor results.

Understanding technological trends is very important for correctly designing economic policies, both at the national and the international levels, and for making the right career choices at the individual level. However, our fascination with the latest, and our under­valuation of what has already become common, can, and has, led us in all sorts of wrong directions.

篇章導讀：本文是一篇議論文，文章論述了盲目誇大新科技可能帶來的嚴重後果。因特網和洗衣機哪個更有影響力？如果只是個人觀點的話，做出錯誤判斷也無大礙，但是，對新科技影響力的誤判對社會卻會有切切實實的影響，因為這會導致稀缺資源的浪費。

12．Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to ________.

A．a lack of confidence in technology

B．a slow progress in technology

C．a conflict of public opinions

D．a waste of limited resources

13．The example in Paragraph 4 suggests that donators should ________.

A．take people's essential needs into account

B．make their programmes attractive to people

C．ensure that each child gets financial support

D．provide more affordable internet facilities

14．What has led many governments to remove necessary regulations?

A．Neglecting the impacts of technological advances.

B．Believing that the world has become borderless.

C．Ignoring the power of economic development.

D．Over­emphasizing the role of international communication.

15．What can we learn from the passage?

A．People should be encouraged to make more donations.

B．Traditional technology still has a place nowadays.

C．Making right career choices is crucial to personal success.

D．Economic policies should follow technological trends.

【回答】

12.D　細節理解題。由第二段第二句可知，這些誤判有真正的影響，因為它們會導致稀缺資源的誤導使用，故選D項“對新技術影響力的誤判會導致有限資源的浪費”。

13.A　細節理解題。由第四段可知，作者認為與其給發展*家的人們捐錢買電腦及網絡設備，倒不如買能切實提高人們生活水平的物品，言外之意，捐獻者應該把人們的基本需求考慮(take ... into account)進來，故選A項。

14.　細節理解題。由第五段第一句中的“now we live in a ‘borderless world’”可知，世界已經變得無國界，第五段最後一句的意思是，正是因為相信有這樣一個世界，所以許多*終止了一些非常有必要的規定。故選B。

15.B　推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第三段可知，對ICT(信息通信技術)*的着迷讓一些富裕國家做出錯誤判斷，認為製造業已經是明日黃花。這種“後工業社會”信念使得一些國家忽視製造業，從而給他們的經濟帶來負面影響。由此可知，製造業已經過時的推斷是錯誤的，真實情況是傳統工藝在當今社會仍有一席之地，故B項正確。

知識點：科普環保類閲讀

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