問題詳情：
Speaking two languages can actually help reduce some effects of aging on the brain, a new study has found.
Researchers tested how long participants needed to 41 from one cognitive (認知) task to another, something that’s known to 42 longer for older adults, said lead researcher, Brain Gold, an expert at the University of Kentucky, “It has great effects these days because our population is 43 gradually,” Gold said. “Seniors are 44 longer, and that’s a good thing, but it’s only a good thing 45 a certain degree that their brains are 46 .”
Gold’s team compared task-switching of younger and older 47 , knowing they would find slower speeds in the 48 population because of previous studies. 49 , they found that older adults who spoke two languages were able to switch mental gear (齒輪) 50 than those who didn’t.
First, Gold and his team 51 30 people, who were either bilingual (雙語的) 52 monolingual (單語的), to look at a series of colored shapes and 53 with the name of each shape by pushing a button. Then, they 54 the participants with a similar series of colored shapes and asked them to respond with what 55 the shapes were by pushing a button. The bilingual people had the 56 to respond faster to the shifting prompts (提示).
Researchers then gathered 80 more people for a second 57 ; 40 bilinguals and 40monolinguals. This time, researchers used FMRI machines to 58 brain activity during the same shape-and color-identifying 59 . Gold and his team found that bilingual people had different brain activity than their monolingual peers.
“Learning a second language in childhood was thought of as 60 ,” Gold said. “Actually, it’s beneficial.”
41. A. switch B. perform C. jump D. transport
42. A. hold B. spend C. last D. take
43. A. increasing B. aging C. growing D. exploding
44. A. surviving B. staying C. living D. expecting
45. A. with B. in C. at D. to
46. A. powerful B. healthy C. sensitive
D. special
47. A. adults B. researchers C. leaders D. seniors
48. A. random B. ordinary C. older D. younger
49. A. Thus B. Otherwise C. Besides D. However
50. A. faster B. slower C. longer D. better
51. A. paid B. asked C. promised D. forced
52. A. yet B. nor C. or D. and
53. A. remember B. realize C. recall D. reply
54. A. presented B. rewarded C. assisted D. treated
55. A. forms B. types C. colors D. sizes
56. A. right B. ability C. opportunity D. determination
57. A. experiment B. conclusion C. lesson D. task
58. A. recognize B. improve C. make D. record
59. A. tools B. scores C. tasks D. games
60. A. simple B. reasonable C. useless D. interesting
【回答】
41-45 ADBCD 46-50 BACDA 51-55 BCDAC 56-60 BADCC
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