問題詳情：
Certain forms of AI are indeed becoming ubiquitous. For example, algorithms (算法) carry out huge volumes of trading on our financial markets, self-driving cars are appearing on city streets, and our smartphones are translating from one language into another. These systems are sometimes faster and more perceptive than we humans are. But so far that is only true for the specific tasks for which the systems have been designed. That is something that some AI developers are now eager to change.
Some of today’s AI pioneers want to move on from today’s world of “weak” or “narrow” AI, to create “strong” or “full” AI, or what is often called artificial general intelligence (AGI). In some respects, today’s powerful computing machines already make our brains look weak. A GI could, its advocates say, work for us around the clock, and drawing on all available data, could suggest solutions to many problems. DM, a company focused on the development of AGI, has an ambition to “solve intelligence”. “If we’re successful,” their mission statement reads, “we believe this will be one of the most important and widely beneficial scientific advances ever made.”
Since the early days of AI, imagination has outpaced what is possible or even probable. In 1965, an imaginative mathematician called Irving Good predicted the eventual creation of an “ultra-intelligent machine…that can far surpass all the intellectual (智力的) activities of any man, however clever.” Good went on to suggest that “the first ultra-intelligent machine” could be “the last invention that man need ever make.”
Fears about the appearance of bad, powerful, man-made intelligent machines have been reinforced (強化) by many works of fiction — Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and the Terminator film series, for example. But if AI does eventually prove to be our downfall, it is unlikely to be at the hands of human-shaped forms like these, with recognisably human motivations such as aggression (敵對行為). Instead, I agree with Oxford University philosopher Nick Bostrom, who believes that the heaviest risks from A GI do not come from a decision to turn against mankind but rather from a dogged pursuit of set objectives at the expense of everything else.
The promise and danger of true A GI are great. But all of today’s excited discussion about these possibilities presupposes the fact that we will be able to build these systems. And, having spoken to many of the world’s foremost AI researchers, I believe there is good reason to doubt that we will see A GI any time soon, if ever.
42．What does the underlined word “ubiquitous” in Paragraph I probably mean?
A．Enormous in quantity. B．Changeable daily.
C．Stable in quality. D．Present everywhere.
43．What could AGI do for us, according to its supporters?
A．Help to tackle problems. B．Make brains more active.
C．Benefit ambitious people. D．Set up powerful databases.
44．As for Irving Good’s opinion on ultra-intelligent machines, the author is ____________.
A．supportive B．disapproving
C．fearful D．uncertain
45．What can be inferred about AGI from the passage?
A．It may be only a dream.
B．It will come into being soon.
C．It will be controlled by humans.
D．It may be more dangerous than ever.
【回答】
42．D
43．A
44．B
45．A
【分析】
這是一篇議論文。文章主要就通用人工智能(AGI)實現的可能*進行了論述。
42．詞義猜測題。根據劃線詞所在句後面的For example, algorithms (算法) carry out huge volumes of trading on our financial markets, self-driving cars are appearing on city streets, and our smartphones are translating from one language into another(例如，算法在我們的金融市場上進行大量交易，自動駕駛汽車出現在城市街道上，我們的智能手機正在從一種語言翻譯成另一種語言)可知，人工智能在我們生活中用處十分廣泛。由此推知，劃線詞所在句意為“某些形式的人工智能確實正在變得無處不在”，即劃線詞與D選項“Present everywhere.(在任何地方存在)”意思接近。故選D項。
43．細節理解題。根據第二段AGI could, its advocates say, work for us around the clock, and drawing on all available data, could suggest solutions to many problems(AGI的倡導者説，AGI可以24小時為我們工作，並利用所有可用的數據，可以提出許多問題的解決方案)可知，AGI(通用人工智能)的倡導者認為，AGI(通用人工智能)可以提出許多問題的解決方案，幫助我們解決問題。因此，A選項“Help to tackle problems(幫助解決問題)”符合題意。故選A項。
44．推理判斷題。根據第三段Since the early days of AI, imagination has outpaced what is possible or even probable. In 1965, an imaginative mathematician called Irving Good predicted the eventual creation of an “ultra-intelligent machine…that can far surpass all the intellectual (智力的) activities of any man, however clever.”(自從人工智能的早期，想象力已經超過了可能。1965年，一位富有想象力的數學家歐文·古德預言，最終將創造出一台“超智能機器……它將遠遠超過任何一個人的智力活動，無論他有多聰明。”)可知，作者認為Irving Good對“超智能機器”的想象力超出了實現的可能，作者並不贊成他的觀點，因此B項“disapproving(不贊成)”符合題意。故選B項。
45．推理判斷題。根據文章最後一句And, having spoken to many of the world's foremost AI researchers, I believe there is good reason to doubt that we will see A GI any time soon, if ever. (而且，在與世界上許多頂尖的人工智能研究人員交談後，我相信有充分的理由懷疑我們是否會很快看到AGI)可推斷出，通用人工智能（AGI）或許只是一個夢想，A選項“It may be only a dream(它也許僅僅是一個夢想)”符合題意。故選擇A項。
知識點：科普知識與現代技術
題型：閲讀理解
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