(2020·成都市高中畢業班摸底測試)Pleasetakeafewsecondsandthinkofyourp...

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(2020·成都市高中畢業班摸底測試)Please take a few seconds and think of your personal biggest goal. Imagine telling someone you meet today what you're going to do. Imagine their congratulations and their high image of you. Doesn't it feel good to say it out loud? Don't you feel one step closer already? Well, bad news: you should have kept your mouth shut, because that good feeling will make you less likely to do it.

Any time you have a goal, there is some work that needs to be done to achieve it.  Ideally, you would not be satisfied until you'd actually done the work. But when you tell someone your goal and he acknowledges (承認) it, psychologists have found it's called a “social_reality”. The mind is kind of tricked into a feeling that it's already done.  And then, because you've felt that satisfaction, you're less motivated to do the actual and necessary hard work. This goes against the traditional wisdom that we should  tell  our friends  our goals, right?

In 1982, Peter Gollwitzer, a professor of psychology, wrote a whole book about this.  And in 2009, he did some new tests that were published. It goes like this: 163 people across four separate tests—everyone wrote down their personal goal. Then half of them announced their commitment (承諾) to this goal to the room, and half didn't. Then everyone was given 45 minutes of work that would directly lead them towards their goal, but they were told that they could stop at any time. Finally those who kept their mouths shut worked the entire 45 minutes on average, and when asked afterwards, said they felt they had a long way to go to achieve their goal. But those who had announced it quit after only 33 minutes on average, and when asked afterwards, said that they felt much closer to achieving their goal.

篇章導讀：本文是一篇説明文。實現一個目標需要做一些工作。試驗表明，在實現目標之前就告訴別人你的目標並得到別人的認可，則有可能使你感到滿意，陷入目標已完成的錯覺，從而動力減少，不能很好地去工作；而在實現目標之前沒有説出目標則會使你工作更努力。

5．What do the words “social reality” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A．Completion of the goal.

B．Necessary hard work.

C．People's acknowledgement.

D．A sense of satisfaction.

6．What does Peter Gollwitzer try to tell us?

A．Writing down the goal is very helpful.

B．Achieving personal goal needs more time.

C．Keeping the goal secret makes people work harder.

D．Making the goal public makes people less satisfied.

7．How did Peter Gollwitzer prove his idea about people's goal?

A．By giving figures.

B．By giving examples.

C．By making a survey.

D．By making comparison tests.

8．What will probably happen if you tell your friends your goal?

A．You will be more confident.

B．You will not gain satisfaction.

C．You are less likely to realize it.

D．You'll be much more motivated.

【回答】

5.A　推理判斷題。根據畫線詞組後一句“The mind is kind of tricked into a feeling that it's already done.”並結合畫線詞組所在句可推知，social reality在此處意為“目標的完成”。

6.C　推理判斷題。根據最後一段最後兩句“Finally those who kept their mouths shut ... to achieving their goal.”可推知，Peter Gollwitzer想告訴我們：沒有説出目標讓人們工作更努力。

7.D　細節理解題。根據最後一段的內容可知，Peter Gollwitzer把所測試的對象分成兩部分，一半説出自己的目標，一半沒有説出目標，每個人都給了45分鐘，他們可以隨時停止。試驗表明，沒有説出目標的人平均工作了45分鐘，而説出目標的人平均工作33分鐘。由此可知，Peter Gollwitzer是通過進行比較測試來*他的觀點的，故選D。

8.C　推理判斷題。根據第一段的內容，尤其是最後一句中的“because that good feeling will make you less likely to do it”可推知，如果你把目標告訴你的朋友，你實現目標的可能*會變小，故選C。

知識點：人生百味類閲讀

題型：閲讀理解