3、Once the temperature difference was higher than a certain number, the bending hoop stress induced by it made the welding crack of pipeline elbow explode.
4、As the procedure is simple for stress in meridian direction, this paper only discusses how to use the cross-sectional method to determine hoop stress and other aspects of applications.
2、It is found that hoop stress increases due to reduction in wall thickness of HDPE pipe, while yielding stress decreases owing to decrease of strain rate.
1、The method of combination of the two ways can availably increase the radial compressive stress and smooth the hoop stress.