The kelly is used to transmit rotary motion from the rotary table or kelly bushing to the drillstring, while allowing the drillstring to be lowered or raised during rotation.
By this definition, however, a washing machine is also a robot. The wash and rinse cycles are programmable and the machine moves material in rotary motions.
As well as working on rotary motion, Dr Anderson's group is also investigating the use of EAPs as electrical generators.
The crankshaft, regarded as the "backbone" of the engine, serves to change the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion and handles the entire power output.
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